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Types Of Retinal Detachment

In this fast-paced lifestyle, a sight-threatening eye condition like retinal detachment can considerably deteriorate an individual's quality of life. Affecting the retina's surface, if left untreated, this condition can cause significant vision loss or permanent blindness in severe cases. Prompt diagnosis and specialised surgical treatment are crucial to reattaching the retina and preserving vision. But don't worry; the highly skilled ophthalmologists at Pristyn Care offer effective personalised treatments for retinal detachment, ensuring your eyes are in safe hands.

In this fast-paced lifestyle, a sight-threatening eye condition like retinal detachment can ... Read More

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What Is Retinal Detachment?

Retinal detachment is a severe eye condition that occurs when the retina, a layer at the back of your eye that processes light, detaches itself from its supporting tissues. This separation can potentially lead to vision loss if not promptly and adequately treated. 

Some of the causes of detachment of retina are:

  • Age or eye injuries may cause tears or holes in the retina.
  • There may be a pull on the retina due to scar tissue or shrinkage of the vitreous, a gel-like substance in your eye.
  • Fluid might accumulate between the retina and the eye’s back wall, causing retinal detachment.

Those with the following conditions are at a higher risk of developing retinal detachment, such as:

  • People with myopia (nearsightedness)
  • Those who’ve had a retinal detachment in one eye before
  • Individuals with a family history of retinal detachments
  • Post-cataract surgery patients
  • Those who’ve had an eye injury or trauma

Hence, swift recognition of symptoms and immediate treatment are essential for preserving good vision.

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Types Of Retinal Detachment And Their Signs

Retinal detachment is a serious eye condition that can cause irreversible vision loss if left untreated. It’s categorised into three types, each with unique causes and symptoms:

Rhegmatogenous Retinal Detachment

This is the most common type of retinal detachment. It occurs when a small tear or hole develops in the retina, allowing fluid to flow under it. As a result, the retina separates from its underlying tissue. Risk factors for this type include nearsightedness, previous cataract surgery, eye trauma, and family history.

The signs to watch out for include:

  • A sudden increase in floaters and flashes of light in your vision.
  • Blurred or distorted vision can occur gradually or suddenly.
  • A shadowy effect or ‘curtain’ descending across your peripheral or central vision.

   

Tractional Retinal Detachment

Tractional retinal detachment is where the scar tissue on the surface of the retina contracts and pulls it away from the back of the eye. Commonly seen in diabetics who have developed diabetic retinopathy, a condition where abnormal blood vessel growth can lead to scar tissue formation on the retina’s surface.

The symptoms are similar to those of rhegmatogenous detachment, including:

  • Seeing floaters and flashes 
  • Blurred vision
  • Loss of peripheral vision

 

Exudative (Serous) Retinal Detachment

This type is characterised by fluid building up under the retina without any tears or holes causing separation. This sets exudative retinal detachment apart from the other two types. It is usually due to eye conditions like macular degeneration, eye injuries, tumours, or inflammatory disorders.

The signs of exudative retinal detachment are similar to the other two types, including floaters, flashes, blurred vision, and peripheral vision loss.

It’s crucial to remember that if you experience any of these signs consistently, they demand immediate medical attention. Prompt treatment is crucial to prevent permanent blindness in the affected eye.

Are you going through any of these symptoms?

Treating Different Types Of Retinal Detachment

The best approach to retinal detachment treatment varies depending on the type of detachment that has occurred. Let’s look at how each kind is tackled.

Treating rhegmatogenous retinal detachment

This variety is the most common type of retinal detachment. The goal here is to seal off the tear or hole, preventing any further fluid seepage under the retina. 

Different surgical options are available, including:

  • Laser surgery (photocoagulation): This method uses a laser to seal the tear in the retina.
  • Cryotherapy: In this treatment, freezing temperatures are used to seal the tear.
  • Pneumatic retinopexy: A gas bubble is injected into the eye, which works by pushing the retina back into place.
  • Scleral buckle surgery: This procedure uses a silicone band wrapped around your eye to press against the sclera and reposition your retina.
  • Vitrectomy: The vitreous gel, which is a clear gel that fills the space between the lens and the retina of your eyeball, is removed and replaced with a gas or oil bubble. This helps to reattach the retina.

Treating tractional retinal detachment

Here, scar tissue pulls on your retina, causing it to dislodge from the backside of your eye. The main course of treatment for this condition often involves vitrectomy surgery to remove the scar tissue and allow the retina to reattach. Laser treatments or cryotherapy may also help seal any tears in your retina.

Treating exudative retinal detachment

Treatment for this condition focuses on addressing the underlying cause of the fluid buildup under the retina. This could involve:

  • Laser treatment or cryotherapy to seal leaking blood vessels
  • Medications to reduce inflammation
  • Treating the primary eye condition causing the fluid buildup, such as macular degeneration

The specific surgical approach depends on the type and extent of the detachment. An experienced retinal specialist will evaluate each case individually and recommend the most appropriate treatment plan. Therefore, regular check-ups with your eye doctor can help detect any potential issues early and prevent eye damage.

What Happens If Retinal Detachment Is Not Treated On Time?

Retinal detachment is a serious medical emergency that can have severe consequences if it isn’t addressed promptly. Here are the potential outcomes:

  • Progression of detachment: The retinal tear or detachment worsens over time as more fluid accumulates under the retina, causing further separation from the back of your eye.
  • Permanent vision loss: The detached retina loses its blood supply, causing the photoreceptor cells to die. This process leads to permanent blind spots or complete vision loss in the affected area.
  • Total retinal detachment: If left untreated, the entire retina can become detached, leading to complete vision loss in that eye. Regrettably, at this stage, vision restoration is impossible, even with treatment.
  • Proliferative vitreoretinopathy (PVR): This serious complication arises when scar tissue forms on the retina’s surface and contracts, leading to further retinal detachment. PVR makes it much harder to successfully reattach the retina.
  • Blindness: Prolonged untreated retinal detachment can lead to irreversible vision loss and absolute blindness in the affected eye.

Even a minor delay in addressing this condition can have severe consequences. With timely treatment, there is a good chance of successfully reattaching the retina and preserving vision.

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Get The Best Treatment For Retinal Detachment At Pristyn Care

Remember, an experienced ophthalmologist who specialises in retinal diseases is crucial for effective retinal detachment prevention and treatment. At Pristyn Care, your vision is our priority! Here, our proficient ophthalmologists and eye doctors have in-depth expertise in diagnosing and treating this intricate condition based on the patient’s unique needs. We use state-of-the-art imaging techniques such as optical coherence tomography (OCT) and other advanced diagnostic and surgical capacities for comprehensive treatment. 

Additionally, our patient-centric care with an efficient multidisciplinary team guarantees the utmost patient satisfaction post-retinal detachment procedures. Choose Pristyn Care for the best treatment of retinal detachment, preserving your vision, and achieving the optimal outcome.

FAQs

How is retinal detachment diagnosed?

An ophthalmologist performs a comprehensive eye exam, including a dilated eye exam and imaging tests like ultrasound. These tests can help the doctor identify any retinal tears, holes, or detachments.

Can retinal detachment occur in both eyes?

Retinal detachment usually occurs in one eye, but it can happen in both eyes, especially if caused by an underlying condition.

Is retinal detachment an emergency?

Yes, retinal detachment is an emergency that requires immediate medical treatment to prevent permanent vision loss.

Is it possible to prevent retinal detachment?

While you can’t prevent all cases of retinal detachment, you can reduce your risk by wearing protective eyewear during sports or other high-risk activities. Effectively managing chronic conditions like diabetes, getting regular eye exams, especially if you’re over 40, or having a high degree of myopia.

What is the success rate of retinal detachment surgery?

With prompt treatment, the retina can be successfully reattached in about 90% of cases.

What are the risks of retinal detachment surgery?

Like many other procedures, retinal detachment surgeries also entail certain risks. Some common risks include infection, bleeding, increased eye pressure, and retinal re-detachment.

Is retinal detachment painful?

Typically, retinal detachment itself is not painful. However, experiencing symptoms such as flashes of light, floaters, or a loss of peripheral vision can be distressing.

Can high blood pressure cause retinal detachment?

While high blood pressure doesn’t directly cause retinal detachment, it can lead to conditions that increase the risk, such as hypertensive retinopathy, where the blood vessels in the retina are damaged.

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