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About Fissure

Fissure is a crack around the anal region. It typically causes severe pain and bleeding during bowel movements. The reason for fissure is trauma inside the inner lining of the anus. A hard bowel is responsible for fissure but chronic diarrhea can also be the cause. Do not leave it untreated. Delay in diagnosis may lead to an acute fissure becoming a chronic one and become more difficult to treat. If anal fissure is not diagnosed, it may also allow other conditions to go undetected and untreated, such as serious infections or even cancer.

Overview

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Names of anal fissure in different languages:

Anal fissure in Hindi - ‎एनल फिशर

Anal fissure in Tamil - குத பிளவு

Anal fissure in Telugu - ఆనల్ ఫిష్యూర్

Anal fissure in Marathi -गुदद्वारासंबंधीचा फिशर

Anal fissure in Bengali - অ্যানাল ফিশার

Types of anal fissure:

Acute anal fissure

Chronic anal fissure

Risk factors of anal fissure:

Advanced age

Constipation

Recent childbirth

Crohn’s disease

Inflammatory bowel disease

Anal intercourse

Home remedies for anal fissure:

Take sitz baths

Add fiber to your diet

Take stool softeners

Avoid straining during bowel movements

Drink adequate fluids

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Causes

  • Lifting heavy weights
  • Tight anal sphincter
  • Passing large or hard stools frequently
  • Decreased blood flow to the anal region
  • Straining too much while bowel movement

Symptoms

  • Anal Bleeding
  • Rectal Pain
  • Itchiness
  • Cracked skin
  • Small lump or skin tag

Treatment

Doctors performing laser surgery for anal fissure

Diagnosis

Most often a gentle inspection of the anal region is required to see the cut or tear. On the basis of location of the Fissure, its cause can be identified. Colonoscopy, flexible sigmoidoscopy and anoscopy may be recommended for further test.

Procedure

The laser is used to perform internal sphincterotomy. In this technique, laser energy radial emitting user probe is inserted into the fistulous tract which destroys fistula epithelium and obliterates the rest of the fistula channel/ tract. This procedure is almost bloodless and the surgeon has good control over the operation site. Additionally, the chronic fibrosed scar is debrided with the laser. This prevents any long term discomfort and enables a quicker recovery. Laser techniques is preferred over the open surgery for Anal Fistula due to following reasons:

  • Quick recovery
  • Painless procedure
  • Resume normal activities within a few days
  • No diet restrictions
  • Lower risk of infection
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Frequently Asked Questions

What is the cost of fissure surgery in Raiganj?

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Why does anal fissure bleed?

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Does fissure cause more pain while passing a stool?

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What happens if the fissure is left untreated?

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I am bleeding from the anus. Does it mean I have cancer?

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Are fissures and hemorrhoids the same?

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Do anal fissures recur after undergoing laser surgery?

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How long does it take to complete laser fissure surgery?

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How long does it take to recover after laser fissure surgery?

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Are creams for anal fissure effective?

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Can anal fissure be cured at home?

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Does anal fissure cause pus discharge?

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How to relieve fissure itching?

Here are a few simple tips that can help you relieve fissure itching:

  • Don’t scratch the fissure area – Scratching may irritate the skin. To find relief from the condition, you can apply compression to the area or take an oatmeal bath. You may want to scratch the area while in your sleep, so you should trim your nails to prevent hurting your area.
  • Wear breathable cotton underwear – Wearing cotton undergarments will help you keep your area dry. Avoid wearing pantyhose and tight fit inner garments because it may trap moisture and irritate the skin.
  • Clean your anal area gently – Use clean lukewarm plain water to your clean your anus. Use non-irritating mild soap. Do not scrub the area near your anal fissure. Make sure to clean the area with moist cotton balls or plain water if you have diarrhea or incontinence.
  • Avoid irritants – Do not use anything like perfumed soaps, bubble baths, genital deodorant, or harsh wipes in and around your anal fissure. If you need to clean your fissure area, use unscented toilet paper.
  • Watch your diet – Cut down on your intake of coffee, cola, spicy foods, citrus fruits, tomatoes or any food that may cause diarrhea. Don’t indulge in laxative overuse
  • Use gels and ointments – You can use zinc oxide gels or ointments, vaseline petroleum jelly or hydrocortisone cream to find quick relief from the itching and irritating symptoms.
  • Maintain firm bowel movements – Adding a lot of fiber to your regular diet can help you pass soft and timely bowel movements. For smooth bowel movements, you can also take help of fiber supplements such as psyllium (Metamucil) and methylcellulose (Citrucel).

What is the difference between anal fissure and anal fistula?

Anal fissure and anal fistula are two very common anorectal diseases. An anal fissure is a condition where an tear or a crack appears in the skin near the anus. On the other hand, anal fistulas are tube-like passages that appears in the anal canal or the inner rectum. Most anal fissures are like paper cuts and usually get healed within a few weeks. If left untreated, both anal fissure and anal fistula can develop into worse conditions. Untreated fistulas can even branch off into multiple openings.

The symptoms exhibited by both the conditions are very similar to each other. Pain in the anal area, discomfort while sitting at the toilet seat and pain while passing a bowel movement, and blood in stools are some of the common symptoms for both anal fissure and anal fistula. But anal fistulas may also include pus secretion from the anal area, an extra opening near the anus or an increase in diarrhea.

Although different in nature, both the conditions require medical intervention. An anal fissure or anal fistula can be treated by a proctologist or an anorectal/ colorectal surgeon. At initial stages, both the diseases can be managed with medicines. But to treat the condition permanently, one would require a surgical approach, which can be done either through open surgery or laser surgery.

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