• Laparoscopic Varicocelectomy: This process is mostly preferred in treating patients diagnosed with second or third grade of varicoceles and is performed using general anesthesia. During the procedure, the surgeon makes small incisions in the abdomen. Through one of the incisions, the surgeon inserts a thin lighted scope (laparoscope) and inflates the abdomen using CO2 gas, which enables them to have a clear view of the internal organs. Once the swollen veins are identified, they are cut and the ends are closed off. As soon as the ends are sealed, all the tools are removed and the incisions are closed with sutures or clips and dressing is applied.  
• Microscopic varicocelectomy: This procedure is generally performed if there is a risk of infertility. In this process, the surgeon makes a tiny incision above the scrotum. With the help of a microscope, the surgeon separates the testicular arteries and vas deferens in the scrotum. Keeping the lymphatic drainage intact, the surgeon then dissects down to the spermatic cord. After the abnormal veins are encountered, each vein is meticulously dissected circumferentially and tied off to disrupt the flow, before draining the blood away from the testicle into the inner thigh and pelvis.

• Before the surgery, the doctor will carry out a physical examination in order to determine the location of the nonworking valves.
• Upon reaching the hospital, you will be required to go through certain evaluations like blood test and ECG test, in order to determine your blood pressure, temperature, heart rate before the surgery. 
• It is important for you to inform your surgeon about any medications you have been taking before going ahead with the surgery.
• Since a varicocele repair treatment is usually performed through the groin are, it would be preferable if you could shave the treatment area before going for the surgery.
• You will be required to refrain from consuming any food or liquids as your body might react to the anesthesia, which can lead to choking out stomach contents during the surgery.
• You should take a shower before the surgery as the doctor would ask you to keep the surgical area dry in order to eliminate the risk of any infections after the operation. 
• You will have to avoid taking certain medications like aspirin, diabetic drugs, blood thinners and other nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs in order to rule out the possibility of any complications.
• Before going for the surgery, you should inform your doctor if there is any possibility of having an allergic reaction to the anesthesia in order to prevent potential risks during the procedure.

• Depending upon your varicocele treatment method, you will be sedated with a general or spinal anesthesia which would help in easing the pain and discomfort during the surgery.
• During a microscopic varicocelectomy, the doctor will choose one of the two (inguinal or subinguinal) procedures and will make small incisions around the groin.
• After the incisions are made, the surgeon will separate the testicular arteries and vas deferens in the scrotum, keeping the lymphatic drainage intact with the help of a microscope.
• The surgeon will then dissect down to the spermatic cord where the abnormal veins will be encountered. 
• Once the abnormal veins are encountered, the surgeon will meticulously dissect each vein circumferentially before tying them off to disrupt the flow of blood.
• The surgeon will then drain the blood away from the testicle into the inner thigh and pelvis before closing the incisions with sutures and placing bandages over it. 

• After the Varicocele Surgery procedure is completed, you will be put under observation until the reaction of the anaesthesia wears off.
• Once you are fully awake, you will be shifted to the ward, where your health conditions will be closely monitored.
• You might experience slight pain in your groin as soon as you are awake and it might appear to be bruised or swollen.
• Depending upon your overall health conditions, you will be prepared for a discharge from the hospital.
• You will be advised to keep the surgical area dry and clean for a few days post the Varicocele Surgery in order to prevent the possibility of any infections around the wound.

Generally, the results of a Varicocele start to show up gradually. It may take up to 3 to 6 months to achieve the best results. However, it should be kept in mind that properly following the doctor’s instructions throughout the entire healing process plays an important role for achieving the most effective results. For getting permanent results and to ensure a proper and complete recovery, one should regularly attend the follow-up appointments with the doctor.

The cost of a varicocele treatment in India may range anywhere around ₹40,000 to ₹70,000. However, this cost should not be considered an absolute as it may vary from person to person depending on multiple factors such as, doctor’s fee, type and location of the hospital chosen to undergo the treatment, cost of medications, and amount to be paid for diagnostic or other laboratory tests.