Piles Treatment - Laser Surgery Procedure & Operation Benefits

How Can Piles Be Diagnosed?

A proctologist or an anorectal surgeon can diagnose piles through medical history, physical examination, and diagnostic tests if required. Here is an overview of the diagnostic process for piles:

1. Medical History: Your healthcare provider will start by asking about your symptoms, including any pain, itching, bleeding, or changes in bowel movements. They will also ask about your medical history and any previous occurrences of piles.
2. Physical Examination: A physical examination of the anal region will be conducted to evaluate for external and internal piles. The healthcare provider may visually inspect the area and gently examine the anus and rectum using gloved fingers to check for abnormalities, swelling, or lumps.
3. Digital Rectal Examination (DRE): In some cases, a digital rectal examination may be performed. It involves the insertion of a lubricated, gloved finger into the rectum to assess the internal piles and check for any other rectal abnormalities. The procedure is typically fast and involves less pain.
4. Anoscopy or Proctoscopy: These procedures involve using a small, lighted tube called an anoscope or proctoscope to examine the anal canal and rectum more closely. Anoscopy and proctoscopy directly visualize the anal canal and rectum, allowing for a more detailed examination of piles and other rectal disorders. These procedures can help determine the location, size, and severity of the piles, guiding the healthcare provider in developing an appropriate treatment plan.
5. Sigmoidoscopy: In this procedure, the healthcare provider uses a sigmoidoscope (lighted tube with a camera) to view the lower part of the colon and rectum. Procedure types include flexible sigmoidoscopy and rigid sigmoidoscopy. Flexible and rigid sigmoidoscopy allows healthcare providers to directly visualize the rectum and lower sigmoid colon, aiding in identifying various conditions, including piles. 
6. Colonoscopy: Colonoscopy helps examine the colon or the large intestine to check the abnormalities inside it. A colonoscopy evaluates rectal bleeding due to piles or other causes and rules out more serious problems so the doctor can suggest the most appropriate treatment for piles.

What is the difference between open surgery, laser surgery, and stapler surgery?

Here’s a comparison table highlighting the differences between open surgery, laser surgery, and stapler surgery for piles:

What Are The Side Effects Of Piles Surgery?

Like any surgical procedure, piles surgery can have potential side effects and risks. Here are some possible side effects associated with piles surgery:

• Pain and Discomfort: It is common to experience pain and discomfort in the surgical area after piles surgery. However, the pain and discomfort can differ in intensity and duration depending on the type of surgery performed. 
• Bleeding: Some bleeding is expected after piles surgery. However, excessive or persistent bleeding should be reported to your healthcare provider instantly.
• Infection: There is a risk of infection at the surgical site. Your healthcare provider will provide certain instructions on wound care and prescribe antibiotics if required. 
• Urinary Problems: In some cases, piles surgery can temporarily impact urination. You may encounter difficulty in passing urine or an increased frequency of urination. These symptoms are usually temporary and resolve on their own. 
• Fecal Incontinence: In rare cases, piles surgery can result in temporary or permanent fecal incontinence. Fecal incontinence means a loss of control over bowel movements.
• Anal Stenosis: Anal stenosis refers to the narrowing of the anal canal, which can happen after piles surgery. This can lead to difficulty in passing stools.

Which Is The Most Effective Treatment Option For Piles?

Laser surgery is a much safer, quicker, and more effective surgical option for removing piles compared to any other treatments.

Laser surgery, also known as laser hemorrhoidectomy or laser hemorrhoidoplasty, is a minimally invasive surgical procedure used to treat piles. One of the best advantages of this surgery is that it results in minimum bleeding, making it a good option for curing piles. Other advantages of laser piles surgery include the following:

1. Less painful and safe procedure- When we talk about any surgical procedure, the first thought that crosses our minds is the pain it inflicts on the body. Laser surgery is one of the least painful surgical methods to treat piles. 
2. Quick procedure- Removal of piles using laser surgery is quicker than other surgical techniques of removing piles. Laser surgery takes around 30 minutes, depending on the location and number of piles to be removed. Also, the person will be allowed to go home soon after the surgery and will not require a hospital stay.
3. Reduced risk of infection- The use of laser energy can help sterilize the treated area, lowering the risk of infection.
4. Quick healing- Minimal blood loss and lower chances of infection during the surgery lead to quick healing of the treated area. 
5. High success rates- Laser surgery has shown high success rates in treating piles. It can effectively remove or shrink piles tissues, providing long-term relief from symptoms like pain, itching, bleeding, and discomfort.
6. Minimal postoperative discomfort- Laser surgery is linked with minimal postoperative pain and discomfort compared to open surgery. This can result in a more relaxed recovery period for patients.
7. Lower risk of incontinence- Laser surgery targets the piles tissue precisely, reducing the risk of damage to the surrounding anal sphincter muscles. This can help reduce the risk of postoperative incontinence, a potential complication of other surgical procedures.
8. Lower risk of recurrence- Laser surgery effectively treats the underlying piles tissue, reducing the likelihood of recurrence in comparison to non-surgical or conservative treatment methods.

What Happens During Laser Piles Treatment?

Diagnosis

In the case of external piles, the doctor can diagnose them with a physical inspection. However, in case of internal hemorrhoids, the proctologist will perform a digital examination to insert a gloved, lubricated finger into the rectum to check for abnormal growth. Additionally, to correctly diagnose internal piles, the surgeon may choose a proctoscope, an anoscope, or a sigmoidoscope to examine the lower rectum.

Laser Surgical Treatment

Laser-assisted surgery for piles is one of the most efficient treatment methods. During the procedure, a focused narrow beam of light is used on the hemorrhoid to ablate or shrink it without affecting the surrounding tissues. It is an advanced, minimally invasive procedure that aids the patient’s faster recovery.

What is the Recovery Process of Piles Laser Operation?

You must also keep in mind the following:

• First, ensure that you keep the surgery site clean to avoid infection.
• Take sitz bath regularly.
• Avoid lifting heavy weights as that adds additional strain to the surgical site.
• Eat meals that are nutritious and high in fiber content. Avoid oily and spicy foods.
• To ensure you are hydrated, drink at least 8-10 glasses of water every day.
• Do not strain yourself during your bowel movement.
• If your bowel movements are hard, consider taking stool softeners to alleviate the strain (only after consulting the doctor).
• Be diligent about taking medications and applying ointments/creams prescribed by your doctor.

How To Treat Piles Without Surgery?

Some of the best ways to treat piles without surgery include:

Home Remedies

There are multiple home remedies to help you reduce the pain and swelling associated with piles. The results may not be permanent or quick, but they can help reduce the pain and other symptoms in the early stages of piles. Here are some of the most effective home remedies:

• Consume high-fiber food: Eating a fiber-rich diet can help soften stools and reduce constipation, which can contribute to piles. Doctors advise patients to consume high-fiber foods for piles like fruits, veggies, and whole grains because it helps reduce straining and alleviates the symptoms of existing piles. Fiber supplements like psyllium husk or methylcellulose may also be beneficial in shrinking hemorrhoids fast.
• Apply topical treatments: Applying over-the-counter piles creams, ointments, or suppositories, including ingredients such as witch hazel or hydrocortisone, can help ease itching, pain, and inflammation. Some of the best piles creams for itching and inflammation include Anusol, Preparation H, etc.
• Sitz baths: Sitting in a warm water bath can help soothe the anal region and subside swelling associated with piles. To do a sitz bath, fill a basin with a few inches of warm water and sit in it for 10 to 20 minutes. Doctors recommend piles patients to soak their bottoms in plain lukewarm water at least 2-3 times daily to reduce swelling and promote healing.
• Hydration: Drinking adequate water throughout the day can help prevent constipation and maintain regular bowel movements. Aim for at least 8 to 10 glasses of water per day.
• Stool Softeners: If you experience constipation, over-the-counter stool softeners may be useful. These medications help soften the stools, making them easier to pass. However, it’s essential to consult with a healthcare provider before using stool softeners, as they may not suit everyone.
• Proper Hygiene: Maintaining good hygiene in the anal region is essential to prevent further irritation. After bowel movements, use soft, unscented toilet paper or wipes to clean the anal area gently. Also, avoid harsh soaps or excessive wiping, which can aggravate the condition.
• Exercise: Exercise can help manage and prevent piles, but it’s essential to note that exercise alone may not cure piles permanently. However, regular exercise can help relieve symptoms, improve overall bowel function, and reduce the risk of developing new or worsening existing piles. Some exercises that may be helpful include cardiovascular exercises, kegel exercises, and certain yoga poses and stretching exercises. 

Medications

Several medications are available to make symptoms of piles more manageable. Some of the best medicines for piles include:

1. Oral Pain Relievers: Over-the-counter pain relievers, such as acetaminophen or ibuprofen, may be used to relieve pain associated with piles. However, it’s essential to follow the recommended dosage and consult with a healthcare expert if you have any underlying medical conditions or are taking other medications.
2. Nonsteroidal Anti-Inflammatory Drugs (NSAIDs): NSAIDs, such as ibuprofen or naproxen, may be prescribed to relieve pain and to subside inflammation. However, these medications should be used under the guidance of a healthcare expert and with caution, as they can have side effects.
3. Medications to Enhance Blood Circulation: Certain medications, such as venotonic or vasoprotective agents, may be prescribed to enhance blood circulation and strengthen the blood vessels in the rectal area. This can help reduce symptoms and prevent the worsening of piles.
4. Vasoconstrictors: Medications that contain vasoconstrictors, such as phenylephrine, can help shrink the blood vessels and reduce swelling in the piles. They are available as topical preparations or in suppository form.
5. Fibrinolytic Agents: In some cases, fibrinolytic agents may dissolve blood clots that have formed within external piles. These medications are typically administered through injection by a healthcare professional.
6. Amoxicillin-clavulanate: Infected piles need medical attention. Amoxicillin-clavulanate is one of the best antibiotic medicines for piles and is often used to treat infections caused by certain kinds of bacteria.

What To Eat And Avoid In Piles?

The following are considered good food for piles:

1. Flavonoid-Rich Foods: Foods rich in flavonoids, such as citrus fruits (oranges, lemons), berries, cherries, and dark chocolate, may help strengthen blood vessels and decrease inflammation, providing relief from piles symptoms.
2. Healthy Fats: Include sources of healthy fats in your diet, such as avocados, seeds, and olive oil. These healthy fats can help lubricate the stool and ease bowel movements.
3. Probiotic Foods: Consuming probiotic-rich foods like yogurt, kefir, and sauerkraut may encourage a healthy gut microbiome and improve digestive health.
4. Adequate Fluid Intake: Make sure you are adequately hydrated by drinking enough water and other healthy fluids throughout the day. This can help prevent constipation and make the stool easier to pass.
5. Vegetables: Consume a variety of vegetables, including leafy greens such as spinach and kale, broccoli, brussels sprouts, carrots, and cauliflower. These vegetables are high in fiber and can stimulate healthy digestion.
6. Whole grains: Include whole grains like whole wheat, oats, brown rice, and quinoa in your diet. Whole grains are high in fiber and can add bulk to your stool, assisting in regular bowel movements.
7. Legumes: Incorporate legumes like lentils, chickpeas, black beans, and kidney beans into your diet. Fiber is crucial for maintaining regular bowel movements and preventing constipation. Adding legumes to your diet can improve your fiber intake, which helps soften the stool and reduces strain during bowel movements, thereby relieving the discomfort associated with piles.
8. Nuts and seeds: Nuts and seeds that can help prevent piles and aid in healthy bowel movement include almonds, walnuts, and chia seeds. Walnuts and almonds, in particular, are exceptionally high in fiber and have strong anti-inflammatory properties, which could minimize tissue swelling in the affected area. 

Here are some foods to avoid or limit in your diet:

1. Meat: Meat, mainly red and processed meat, is low in fiber, difficult to digest, and contains high sodium. They exacerbate constipation which leads to piles. 
2. Spicy Foods: Spicy foods can upset the digestive system and worsen piles symptoms such as itching, burning, and inflammation. Therefore, it’s best to avoid or lower the consumption of spicy dishes, hot peppers, and spicy sauces.
3. Alcohol: Alcohol can lead to dehydration and contribute to constipation. It is advisable to limit or avoid alcohol consumption when it comes to managing piles.
4. Processed Foods: Processed foods, such as fast food, packaged snacks, and processed meats, are often low in fiber and high in unhealthy fats and additives. These foods can contribute to constipation and should be limited in your diet.
5. Lower-fiber foods: Low-fiber foods such as white rice, white bread, plain pasta, or noodles result in more straining during defecation as they make stools smaller and hard. Straining increases abdominal pressure, blocks venous return, weakens rectal veins, and makes your piles go from bad to worse. Therefore, it’s best to avoid low-fiber foods in your diet.
6. Sugary Foods: Foods high in refined sugars, such as candies, cakes, pastries, and sugary beverages, can lead to constipation and should be limited or avoided. Surplus sugar intake can disrupt the balance of gut bacteria and impact digestion.

What To Do After Piles Surgery?

After surgery, the anal region will be very sensitive. During the first few weeks, it is advisable to relax as much as possible.

Also, it’s crucial to follow post-operative care instructions from your healthcare provider. Here are some general tips that may help during the recovery period:

1. Keep your anal region dry and clean- Each time you pass a bowel movement, take a shower or sitz bath. A sitz bath is a warm water bath where you sit to reduce discomfort in your anal area. Soaking this area in warm water soothes your anal sphincter, which helps increase blood flow through the anal tissues. This enables healing and reduces the pain, itching, and irritation. You can also clean the area with wet tissues but avoid excessive wiping. 
2. Limit your physical activities- Ease your physical activities for a few days until you feel completely fine after your surgery. Avoid lifting or pulling weights or strenuous physical activities for at least two to three weeks. Also, don’t go sedentary; keep moving and walking; however, don’t exert too much pressure on the body.
3. Take prescribed medications- Take all medications as prescribed by your doctor, including pain relievers, antibiotics (if prescribed), and stool softeners or laxatives to prevent constipation.
4. Apply cold compresses- Applying a cold compress to the anal region for a few minutes at a time can help subside swelling and alleviate pain after surgery. Wrap the ice pack in a cloth or wrap a bag of frozen vegetables in a towel and apply it to the anal area. 
5. Follow correct sitting techniques- When sitting, utilize a cushion or a donut-shaped pillow to reduce pressure on the surgical area.
6. Keep checking what you eat- It is important to cut down on junk, spicy and oily foods for a few days after piles surgery. Consuming any of these may alter your bowel movements, make you constipated, which can exacerbate your condition, or cause diarrhea, which is unhealthy for your pile’s recovery process.

What Are The Possible Complications Of Piles?

Some possible complications of piles include:

• Anemia: Severe bleeding from piles can lead to anemia, a medical condition in which the body does not have enough red blood cells to function properly. Symptoms of anemia include fatigue, weakness, and shortness of breath.
• Thrombosed piles: In some cases, a blood clot can form in piles, causing it to become painful and swollen. This is known as thrombosed piles. Thrombosed piles may need to be treated with surgery to remove the clot.
• Strangulated piles: If prolapsed piles become trapped outside the anus, they can cut off the blood supply, resulting in strangulation. Strangulated piles may require surgical intervention.
• Anal fissures: Piles can sometimes cause small tears in the skin around the anus, known as anal fissures. Anal fissures can be painful and may need treatment with medication or surgery.
• Stricture or narrowing of the anus: Chronic or severe piles can cause scarring and narrowing of the anal canal, causing an anal stricture. Anal stricture can result in difficulty passing stool and pain during bowel movements. It may require surgery to correct the narrowing.
• Chronic pain: Prolonged or severe piles can lead to chronic pain, significantly affecting a person’s quality of life. This persistent pain may impede daily activities, sitting, and bowel movements.
• Recurrence: Even after successful treatment, piles can sometimes recur. Factors like underlying conditions and lifestyle practices can contribute to the recurrence of piles.