Ovarian Cyst Treatment by 15+ Years Experienced Lady Gynaecologists

Ovarian Cyst Diagnosis

An ovarian cyst can be diagnosed in a routine pelvic exam by an experienced gynecologist. The doctor may ask about the patient’s symptoms, discuss their medical history, and then look for swelling in their ovaries through a pelvic exam. If they suspect an ovarian cyst, they may suggest certain tests to confirm their presence. The most commonly performed tests for the diagnosis of ovarian cysts include, 

Ultrasound: An ultrasound test utilizes high-frequency sound waves to produce an image of the body’s internal structures. An ultrasound scan for ovarian cysts can help doctors figure out the size, shape, composition, and location of the cyst. It also helps determine whether the cyst is solid or fluid-filled. 

Laparoscopy: In laparoscopy for ovarian cyst diagnosis, the doctor may use a slender, lighted appliance called a laparoscope to check the ovaries for cyst formation. The laparoscope is inserted through a small incision in the abdomen. If the doctor identifies a cyst during this examination, they may extract it right away. This procedure is performed under general anesthesia; the patient is completely sedated. 

Pregnancy & Hormone Tests: The doctor may also suggest a pregnancy test, which can confirm the presence of a corpus luteum cyst. It can lead to a false positive pregnancy test. Hormone tests may also be suggested to determine hormone-related issues, including high estrogen or progesterone levels. 

It should be noted that the diagnostic tests can be performed once or multiple times. In the initial stages, the doctors suggest watchful waiting for ovarian cysts, as some cysts disappear in some time. If the symptoms, however, aggravate, the doctor may suggest repeated tests to check the extent of the condition.

Ovarian Cyst Treatments Options

Most ovarian cysts tend to disappear on their own and do not necessitate treatment. Women notice an improvement in their symptoms within a few weeks or months of developing ovarian cysts without any medical intervention. But, sometimes, treatment (surgical or non-surgical) is necessary for the treatment of these cysts. Treatment is generally required when a cyst doesn’t disappear after a few menstrual cycles, the cyst is very large or increasing in size, there’s a chance that the cyst is cancerous, or the respective woman is nearing menopause or is past menopause. Treatment may also be necessary if the cyst is ruptured. 

Surgical Ovarian Cyst Treatment 

• Laparoscopic Cystectomy

Laparoscopic Ovarian Cystectomy is a minimally-invasive technique used to remove ovarian cysts from one or both ovaries. Unlike the traditional open method, this procedure involves making a few small incisions in the lower abdomen to access and remove the cysts. This approach offers several advantages, including reduced blood loss, less discomfort, improved cosmetic outcomes, and faster recovery for patients. Here is a step-by-step overview of the Laparoscopic Ovarian Cystectomy procedure:

Step 1: The patient is administered general anesthesia to ensure complete sedation and pain prevention throughout the procedure.

Step 2: Once the patient is sedated, the surgeon creates small incisions near the belly button and additional incisions around the pubic bone in the lower abdomen.

Step 3: Carbon dioxide gas is introduced into the abdomen to provide better visibility of the organs. Then, a laparoscope, a thin tube with a camera attached, is inserted through the small incisions. This allows the surgical team to view the internal structures on a screen and perform the surgery with precision.

Step 4: The surgeon examines the cysts and ovaries using the visual feed from the laparoscope on the screen. Surgical instruments are passed through the other incisions to carry out the necessary procedures.

Step 5: Specialized instruments and retrieval bags are used to carefully remove and collect the cysts.

Step 6: The incisions are closed using dissolvable sutures, and the patient is transferred to the recovery room.

It’s important to note that the specific details of the procedure may vary depending on the individual case and the surgeon’s technique. The healthcare provider provides the patient with a personalized treatment plan and instructions based on their specific situation.

• Open-Cut Cystectomy

An open-cut ovarian cystectomy is the traditional surgical method to remove ovarian cysts. It involves making a large incision in the abdomen to access and remove the cyst. This procedure is more invasive compared to advanced laparoscopic surgery, which is a less invasive alternative. While laparoscopic surgery is generally preferred for most ovarian cyst cases, there are situations where open surgery may be necessary due to safety and to ensure effective outcomes. Here’s how the open cystectomy surgery is performed: 

Step 1: The patient is positioned on the operating table and administered general anesthesia for sedation.

Step 2: The surgeon creates a large abdominal incision in the lower abdomen, usually 10 to 15 cm. The precise location and size of the incision can vary based on factors such as cyst size and location.

Step 3: Retractors and surgical instruments are used to enlarge the surgical area, providing a clear view of the organs. The layers of the abdominal walls are separated to expose the ovarian cyst.

Step 4: The surgeon examines the characteristics of the cyst, including its size and location.

Step 5: The cyst is then excised from the ovary, either as a whole or by aspirating or dissecting it into smaller pieces for easier removal.

Step 6: After removal, if necessary, the ovarian tissue is repaired, and the layers of the abdominal wall are sutured back together. The patient is then moved to the recovery room.

• Oophorectomy 

In very rare cases, sometimes, the doctors may suggest an oophorectomy surgery or the ‘ovary removal’ surgery. This surgery is typically suggested when there’s ovarian damage, such as ovarian torsion due to cysts, and so the removal of one or both ovaries is necessary. An oophorectomy can be performed through two techniques: 

-> Laparotomy: This is an open surgical procedure for the removal of ovaries. In this method, the ovaries are removed through a large incision in the abdomen. The recovery period after this procedure is longer, and the risk of complications is also higher compared to the less invasive techniques. 

-> Laparoscopic: In this minimally-invasive technique, the surgeon uses a laparoscope to view the internal structures. They make small incisions (1 to 2 cm) to remove the ovaries. This technique involves lower blood loss, scars, and pain, in addition to a shorter recovery period. 

-> Vaginal: This is another minimally-invasive approach to performing an oophorectomy. It involves the removal of ovaries through the vagina and is generally performed in conjunction with the hysterectomy (uterus removal) procedure.

What Are The Benefits Of Ovarian Cyst Surgery?

Ovarian cyst surgery accompanies several benefits other than just removing the cyst in the ovaries. It is not necessary in all cases of ovarian cysts but is considered quite advantageous in serious cases of ovarian cysts. Some benefits of ovarian cysts surgery include the following: 

• Removal of cysts: Ovarian cysts accompany several painful symptoms, including severe pain, bleeding, bloating, pelvic pressure, etc. An ovarian cyst surgery can help with the removal of cysts and a reduction in the symptoms they cause. 
• Preventing complications: Some cysts, especially large cysts, pose the risk of potential health complications such as ovarian torsion, ruptured cysts, and hemorrhage. A cyst removal surgery prevents the risk of these complications, 
• Treatment of complex cysts: While medication and some other non-surgical methods can help treat ovarian cysts in some cases, they may not help treat complex cysts or masses. Surgery can help treat complex cysts, cysts that comprise solid components or are associated with other abnormalities.
• Preservation of fertility: Ovarian cysts can sometimes impact a woman’s fertility and ability to conceive. Removal of the cysts can help enhance ovarian function, prevent ovulation issues, and improve her chances of getting pregnant.

How To Prepare For Ovarian Cyst Surgery?

Anyone asked to get an ovarian cyst surgery should be prepared for the procedure. The doctors also stress the importance of being prepared as it’s linked with boosted efficacy of procedures and fewer complications during and after the surgery. There are a few things a patient can do to prepare for an ovarian cyst surgery. Some standard guidelines to prepare are as follows: 

• The patients must ensure that they inform their healthcare provider about all the medications they are taking, including prescription drugs, over-the-counter medications, and supplements. They will offer guidance on which medications should be continued or stopped prior to the surgery.
• It is important to adhere to the fasting instructions given by the surgeon. Typically, the patients are instructed to refrain from consuming any food or beverages for a designated period before the surgery to ensure that their stomach is empty.
• Because anesthesia may be involved in the surgery, the patients must make arrangements for someone to accompany them to the hospital and drive them home after the procedure.
• It is advisable to quit or limit smoking before the surgery. Smoking can hinder the healing process and increase the likelihood of complications. The healthcare provider may provide guidance on lifestyle modifications to enhance the patient’s overall health before the surgery.
• Having someone available to assist the patient during the recovery phase can be really helpful. The patients should get a friend or family member to help them with household tasks, transportation, and any necessary post-operative care.
• The healthcare provider gives patients specific instructions regarding pre-operative preparations, such as cleansing routines or taking medications before the surgery. It is important for  patients to carefully follow these instructions.

What is Recovery Like After Ovarian Cyst Surgery?

The recovery period after an ovarian cyst surgery is crucial to the procedure’s efficacy. The duration of hospital stay after the procedure, and the complete duration of recovery may differ for patients, depending on several factors, including: 

• The type of treatment they’ve received- open or laparoscopic
• The extent of their condition 
• Surgeon’s precision 
• Complications during surgery 
• Precautions are taken after surgery
• Patient’s overall health, etc. 

Recovery after open-cut ovarian cyst surgery:

Following the traditional, open surgery for ovarian cyst removal, a hospital stay of 3 to 4 days is required. This is because the incision is large and requires more time to heal. In addition, there may be a risk of infections or other complications in the initial days, and therefore, it is best to be under the doctor’s observation. Complete recovery after the patient returns home can take up to 10 to 12 weeks. 

Recovery after laparoscopic ovarian cyst surgery:

After a laparoscopic ovarian cystectomy, a patient is typically required to spend a night at the hospital. In some cases, no hospital stay may be needed. Total recovery can take 2 to 3 weeks with the right precautions and complete care.

Read More:- Recovery After Ovarian Cyst Surgery

What Lifestyle Changes Should Be Made After Ovarian Cyst Surgery?

After an ovarian cyst surgery, the patients must take some necessary precautions and make certain changes to their lifestyle and diet in order to recover conveniently without hassles. Some lifestyle modifications can help boost recovery and help patients get back to their normal routine. We have curated some standards and recovery guidelines for patients to have a seamless recovery after ovarian cyst surgery: 

• Eat foods rich in fiber and omega-3 fatty acids: Fiber-rich foods contain phytochemicals that help stop the reabsorption of estrogen and reduce the risk of ovarian cancer in women. In addition, it also prevents the formation of cysts in the future. Fiber-rich foods include pears, lentils, and peas. Omega 3 fatty acids such as fish, nuts, and seeds, on the other hand, help manage hormone disruption caused by ovarian cysts. 
• Consume lean protein foods: Eating foods rich in lean protein, such as fish, chicken, and tofu, can help maintain a healthy body weight, which is important during recovery. 
• Take proper rest: As with any other surgery, taking ample rest after an ovarian cyst surgery is critical to recovering quickly. It gives the body time to heal and ensures no complications arise. While the patient is recovering, they must avoid activities that require too much effort. 
• Resume exercises gradually: The patients must resume exercise of any sort gradually. They should start with light exercises such as walking. Walking regularly but carefully after ovarian cyst surgery can help increase blood flow and reduce the risk of blood clot formation. 
• Take the prescribed medication: If the doctor has prescribed medication to help deal with pain or discomfort, the patients must take them as prescribed. Similarly, if they’ve asked the patient to avoid any medication, they must discontinue for the suggested time. 
• Do not miss follow-up appointments: Follow-up appointments are important after surgery, as they help doctors monitor the health of the patients and see how well they’re recovering.

Risks & Complications Associated with Ovarian Cyst Surgery

Ovarian cyst surgery, laparoscopic or open, accompanies potential risks and complications. While complications are rare as the doctors ensure the complete safety of the patient during the surgery,  the patient is still made aware of the associated risks and complications during their appointments before surgery. It is important to help patients prepare themselves for the surgery and understand what measures would be taken if complications arose. On that note, here are some common risks and complications of ovarian cyst surgery: 

• Damage to the surrounding organs or tissues: Since organs and tissues are located snugly, there’s a risk of damage to the organs surrounding the ovaries, such as the bladder, intestines, etc. In case of unintentional damage, the doctor may perform another surgery right there and then. 
• Scar tissue formation: Scar tissue can form in the pelvic area after an ovarian cyst surgery, which may cause pelvic pain. In some cases, scar tissue can also affect a woman’s fertility. 
• Anesthesia-related complications: Both surgical procedures for ovarian cyst removal involve the use of anesthesia. Therefore, there’s always a risk of anesthesia-related allergies and complications as well, such as respiratory issues, etc. 
• Uncontrolled bleeding: There’s a chance of profuse bleeding after an ovarian cyst surgery. This bleeding can be internal or external. The doctors may perform another surgery to manage the bleeding and may even opt for a blood transfusion if they deem it necessary. 
• Infection: Since both open and laparoscopic surgeries involve incisions, there prevails a risk of infection. The infection can occur on the incision site or around it. In a hospital, the doctors employ prompt antibiotic treatment to prevent or curb infection. It should be noted that infections can occur after the surgery as well. Signs of infection after surgery may include fever, pain, redness, or swelling around the incision, etc. In such cases, one must immediately reach out to a doctor.

What is The Cost of Ovarian Cysts Surgery In India

The cost of ovarian cyst surgery in India varies based on the part of the country the patient is in, among several other factors. The estimated cost of different types of ovarian cyst surgery procedures is as follows: 

In addition to the patient’s location and the type of cystectomy, other factors, including the surgeon’s fees, anesthesia charges, charges of diagnostic tests, the severity of the condition, insurance coverage, and other factors can cause the total cost to inflate.

Get exact cost here:- Ovarian Cyst Surgery Cost

Insurance Coverage for Ovarian Cyst Surgery

A good way to manage ovarian cyst treatment costs is health insurance. In India, most insurance companies cover ovarian cyst surgery in their health insurance and mediclaim policies. Insurance only covers surgeries and procedures that are deemed medically necessary. Ovarian cyst surgeries are performed when the cysts don’t go away with watchful waiting or conservative treatment methods. Hence, both laparoscopic and open-cut cystectomy procedures are covered under health insurance policies. 

The insurance coverage provided by different insurance companies to different individuals may vary. It is based on the patient’s policy and the respective companies’ terms and conditions. Insurance typically covers the cost of surgery, hospitalization, and some other additional expenses. But, what’s covered and what’s not is subjective and may differ based on the policy the patient owns. To understand the insurance coverage for ovarian cyst treatment, the patients must contact their insurance providers. 

At Pristyn Care, our dedicated insurance team provides complete support in the insurance claim process. To get your ovarian cyst treatment from Pristyn Care, reach out to our team and schedule your appointment with our expert gynecologists.

Read more:- Is Ovarian Cyst Surgery Coverage under Insurance?

Non-Surgical Treatments For Ovarian Cysts

An ovarian cyst doesn’t always require surgery. If the cyst is small and there are no complications, there’s a chance it can get better on its own or with certain medications and home remedies. Medication Home remedies can help relieve the symptoms associated with ovarian cysts but not help treat the cyst completely. Let’s discuss how medication and home remedies can help with ovarian cyst management. 

Medication – Ovarian Cysts Surgery

Patients with ovarian cysts can experience relief from pain through certain medications, including narcotic analgesics and nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs). NSAIDs, like ibuprofen and ketorolac, help deal with mild to moderate pain caused by ovarian cysts, whereas narcotic medications such as morphine sulfate and oxycodone are considered beneficial for addressing moderate to severe pain. Oral contraceptive pills (OCPs) may also be suggested as they offer protection against the formation of functional ovarian cysts. However, they may not help treat pre-existing cysts.

Home remedies – Ovarian Cysts Surgery

• Do some stretching and exercises: Exercising regularly can help maintain a healthy lifestyle and improve a person’s overall well-being. In addition, it can also help manage the symptoms of ovarian cysts and live free of pain and discomfort. Yoga also helps reduce muscle tension, reduce PCOS symptoms, and prevent cyst formation. 
• Ease muscles with a massage: Massaging helps reduce muscle tension and prevent the pain caused by ovarian cysts. Women with ovarian cysts must massage their lower back, abdomen, thighs, and buttocks to loosen up tense muscles and manage pain. 
• Heat therapy: Heat therapy is a wonderful way of managing the pain caused by muscle soreness. Applying heat to the abdomen, lower back, or other pain areas can help improve blood flow and reduce soreness. 
• Making changes in diet: Dietary changes can also help manage ovarian cyst symptoms. Patients with ovarian cysts or PCOS must reduce their sugar and carbohydrate intake. In addition, it is important to eat a healthy diet rich in all nutrients. Adequate consumption of all vitamins and minerals is essential for reducing the risk of ovarian cyst formation. 

What Happens If Ovarian Cysts Are Left Untreated?

In most cases, ovarian cysts aren’t a cause of concern, and most women do not even experience any symptoms. As discussed, in most cases, these cysts disappear on their own after some time. However, sometimes, especially in the case of big cysts, complications are possible, and treatment is necessary. If treatment is delayed, the condition can aggravate, and potential complications can occur. Listed below are some complications associated with leaving ovarian cysts untreated: 

• Ovarian torsion: Larger ovarian cysts can cause a complication called ovarian torsion. This happens when the cyst causes the ovary to twist, causing severe pain, nausea and potentially cutting off the blood supply to the ovary. Ovarian torsion requires immediate medical attention.
• Increased pain and discomfort: Ovarian cysts can cause persistent or intermittent pain in the lower abdomen or pelvis. If the cyst grows larger or ruptures, the pain may become more severe.
• Ruptured Cyst: Ovarian cysts, particularly larger ones, can rupture or burst. This can cause sudden, sharp pain in the abdomen and may result in internal bleeding. Ruptured cysts may require emergency medical treatment.
• Infection: If an ovarian cyst becomes infected, it can lead to a condition known as an abscess. Symptoms may include fever, pelvic pain, and tenderness. Infection of the cyst may necessitate medical intervention, such as antibiotic treatment or drainage of the abscess.
• Adhesions: Repeated or chronic ovarian cysts can contribute to scar tissue formation or adhesions in the pelvis. Adhesions can cause organs and tissues to stick together, leading to pain and potential complications, such as infertility or bowel obstruction.
• Complications during Pregnancy: Some ovarian cysts, particularly larger ones or those that persist throughout pregnancy, can cause complications. These include an increased risk of ovarian torsion, premature birth, or interference with the normal position of the baby during delivery.

Because of the potential risk of complications with ovarian cysts, it is important for patients to seek prompt treatment for this condition if the symptoms are intense and do not respond to conservative treatment techniques. Even though the doctor might suggest watchful waiting after diagnosing the condition, it is still recommended to get a proper diagnosis to help doctors determine the best course of action. 

What questions do I need to ask my gynecologists before ovarian cyst surgery?

Before considering any treatment plan for an ovarian cyst, discuss your medical history and medication with the doctor and ask the following questions to understand the treatment procedure and the risks and complications associated with it-

• How effective is medication for ovarian cyst treatment?
• Can an ovarian cyst affect my fertility?
• How do I prepare myself for ovarian cyst surgery?
• What to expect during the ovarian cyst surgery?
• What should I avoid during an ovarian cyst?
• What if ovarian cysts are left untreated?
• What size ovarian cysts are dangerous?
• How effective are home remedies for ovarian cysts?
• Is ovarian cyst removal safe?
• How can I cure ovarian cysts fast?
• What precautions do I need to take after ovarian cyst surgery?
• Do insurance cover ovarian cyst treatment?
• What are the different surgical methods for ovarian cyst removal?
• What is the main cause of ovarian cysts?