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Retinal detachment is a serious eye condition in which the retina separates from the underlying supportive tissue at the back of the eye. The retina is responsible for capturing light and sending visual signals to the brain, so any detachment can severely affect vision.
When the retina is detached, it does not receive enough oxygen and nutrients, leading to progressive vision loss. Retinal detachment is considered a medical emergency and requires immediate treatment to prevent permanent blindness.
Retinal detachment is relatively uncommon but medically significant.
Some key facts include:
1. Rhegmatogenous Retinal Detachment
The most common type, caused by a tear or hole in the retina that allows fluid to enter and separate it.
2. Tractional Retinal Detachment
Occurs when scar tissue on the retina pulls it away, commonly seen in diabetic retinopathy.
3. Exudative Retinal Detachment
Caused by fluid accumulation under the retina without any tear or break.
Symptoms often appear suddenly and worsen quickly.
Early Warning Signs:
Advanced Symptoms:
1. Retinal Tears or Holes
Most common cause, allowing fluid to enter beneath the retina.
2. Eye Trauma
Injury or accident can damage retinal structure.
3. Severe Nearsightedness
Elongated eyeball increases risk of retinal thinning and tears.
4. Diabetic Retinopathy
Scar tissue formation pulls the retina away.
5. Previous Eye Surgery
Such as cataract surgery may increase risk.
6. Ageing
Retina becomes thinner and more fragile with age.
If not treated urgently, retinal detachment may lead to:
Early treatment is critical to save vision.
Doctors diagnose retinal detachment using:
1. Dilated Eye Examination
Allows direct visualization of the retina.
Detailed examination of retinal tears or detachment.
3. Ultrasound of Eye
Used when view is blocked due to bleeding or cloudiness.
4. Optical Coherence Tomography (OCT)
Provides detailed retinal imaging.
5. Visual Field Test
Checks for peripheral vision loss.
Treatment depends on severity and type.
1. Laser Surgery (Photocoagulation)
2. Cryopexy (Freezing Treatment)
3. Pneumatic Retinopexy
4. Scleral Buckling Surgery
5. Vitrectomy
Recovery depends on severity and type of surgery.
While not always preventable, risk can be reduced by:


It is when the retina separates from the back of the eye, causing vision loss risk.
Yes, it requires immediate medical treatment.
Flashes, floaters, and shadow in vision.
Yes, if not treated quickly.
Usually it is not painful.
Through eye examination and imaging tests.
Yes, if treated early, but full recovery is not always guaranteed.
People with high myopia, diabetes, or eye trauma.
Surgery such as vitrectomy or scleral buckle.
Yes, recurrence is possible in some cases.