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(Hemorrhoids) Piles During Pregnancy - Causes, Symptoms, Diagnosis and Treatment

Hemorrhoids during pregnancy can be very problematic and disturbing. Get in touch with Pristyn Care to get optimal care piles during pregnancy. Book a consultation with our expert piles doctor and discuss your treatment options.

Hemorrhoids during pregnancy can be very problematic and disturbing. Get in touch with ... Pristyn Care to get optimal care piles during pregnancy. Book a consultation with our expert piles doctor and discuss your treatment options. Read More

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Piles in Pregnant Women - Hemorrhoids During Pregnancy

Hemorrhoids, commonly known as piles, develop when the veins inside the rectum and anus become swollen and inflamed. Piles is very common in pregnant women, especially during the third trimester of pregnancy. This is due to the excess pressure on the veins placed by the enlarged uterus.

During pregnancy, a woman’s body goes through various physical changes, and piles further make the pregnancy more challenging by causing pain and discomfort.

It might be a surprising fact that 80% of the people in India face problems related to constipation and a good amount of them confront the problem of piles later. Even across the world, every 1 in 20 Americans has symptomatic hemorrhoids. As they age, the risk of hemorrhoids increases.

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Causes of (Hemorrhoids) Piles During Pregnancy

Some of the most common causes of hemorrhoids during pregnancy are explained below-

Increased Pressure on the Veins– The pressure on the pelvic area and the lower digestive tract (bowel) increase significantly due to the added weight of the fetus. The pressure makes it difficult for the veins to circulate blood properly, due to which the blood starts to pool and causes swelling in the veins. The blood volume also increases during the pregnancy to support the fetus’s growth. The added volume further increases the amount of blood pooling in the veins.
Hormonal Changes- The hormonal levels keep fluctuating throughout the months of pregnancy. Generally, progesterone levels increase during pregnancy which causes the veins to relax. When a vein relaxes, the muscles contract, and the vein valves close on their own. This halts the blood circulation in the hemorrhoids, leading to swelling.
Constipation– Around 16% to 39% of women get constipated during pregnancy due to the increase in progesterone levels, fetus size, iron levels from the prenatal vitamin, and/or lifestyle habits. Due to constipation, the patient is more likely to strain or push hard to pass stools which can cause inflammation and swelling in the veins in the rectum and anus.
Poor Dietary Habits- Eating foods that are low in fiber content increases the risk of constipation, which ultimately leads to hemorrhoids. Continuing such habits during pregnancy can even worsen the existing condition.
Inactive Lifestyle- Piles during pregnancy, several activities are restricted, and women are also advised to rest well. And when a woman sits or sleeps to rest, the gluteal muscles spread out, which puts pressure on the small veins around the anus and rectum. These veins lose elasticity and become engorged with blood, leading to piles.

All these factors can directly contribute to the development of (hemorrhoids) piles during pregnancy.

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Symptoms of Piles During Pregnancy

There are many symptoms of piles during pregnancy. Once the veins in the anus and rectum start to swell, the woman will start experiencing some or all of the below-mentioned symptoms-

The woman will experience pain and discomfort in the rectal area consistently or only while having bowel movements.
There might be itching and irritation in the anal area.
The swollen tissues may be prominent and clearly visible around the anus. They may also cause pain while sitting.
Bleeding may also occur while passing stools. It is the most common symptom of hemorrhoids that worries people. The blood will be bright red in color.
Mucous discharge from the anus is another common symptom that arises due to internal hemorrhoids. The inflamed hemorrhoids lead to mucus, which is a clear fluid thicker than water.
In severe cases, the hemorrhoidal tissues may start to protrude outside the anus. This is known as prolapsed piles/hemorrhoids, which are extremely painful.

If any of these symptoms arise during pregnancy, it’s crucial to get in touch with a healthcare provider to take the necessary measures to manage the condition.

How Is Hemorrhoids Diagnosed During Pregnancy?

Generally, piles or hemorrhoids can be diagnosed based on symptoms and a physical examination. However, to confirm the diagnosis and identify the severity of the condition, the doctor may recommend the following tests-

Digital Rectal Exam– In this test, the doctor inserts a gloved, lubricated finger into the anus to check the lumps.
Anoscopy– This test involves using a small, lighted scope to examine the internal structures of the rectum and swollen veins.
Colonoscopy– In this test, a flexible scope is used to examine the entire colon and rectum to look for abnormalities, including swollen and inflamed tissues.

The results of these exams help to take the most suitable approach to help the patient manage the condition.

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Treatment Options for Piles During Pregnancy

There are several treatment options for women who develop piles during pregnancy. The general methods used for treatment are explained below. It should be noted that all of these methods may not be viable for a pregnant woman-

Lifestyle modifications, including eating habits and exercising, to alleviate the symptoms.
Topical treatments that are applied directly to the anal region for relief.
Sitz baths involve using warm water to soothe the pain and inflammation in the veins.
Hemorrhoid cushions or donut pillow reduces comfort while sitting.
Medications are prescribed to reduce inflammation and pain and make bowel movements easier.
Non-surgical procedures, such as rubber band ligation or piles laser treatment for women.
Surgery, such as hemorrhoidectomy or stapler hemorrhoidopexy.

The most suitable treatment method is recommended by the doctor after a thorough diagnosis of the patient’s condition.

Make Lifestyle Changes to Alleviate Piles Symptoms

The woman needs to make certain changes in her lifestyle to get relief from piles symptoms.

These changes include improving dietary habits and engaging in physical activities. The diet should include fiber-rich foods, such as wheat bran, prunes, apples, pears, lentils, whole wheat bread, broccoli, tomato, citrus fruits, beans, etc. These foods improve water retention in the colon and make the stool soft to ensure they don’t rub against the veins and cause inflammation.

The woman should also avoid the intake of processed foods that have higher fat, sugar, and refined carbohydrates, as they increase the risk of constipation.

Along with diet, the woman should also exercise regularly to improve blood circulation throughout the body and prevent blood from pooling in the rectal area. Kegel exercises are known to be helpful in pregnant women to prevent and manage piles.

Topical Treatments for Pregnancy Piles

Some common topical treatments used for piles include the following –

Witch hazel, which is a natural astringent that can reduce inflammation and itching in the anal region. It can be applied directly to the affected area using a cotton ball or pad.
Aloe vera, which has natural anti-inflammatory properties that can help soothe irritated skin. The gel obtained from the plant can be used directly on the affected area.
Petroleum jelly is often used as a lubricant to reduce friction and irritation in the rectal area. It can also help keep the area moist and prevent dryness and cracking.
Zinc oxide, which is a mild astringent like witch hazel. It also helps to reduce inflammation and irritation. It can be used as a cream or ointment.

It’s important to consult a doctor before using a topical treatment for pregnancy piles to ensure they are safe and effective for the patient’s individual case.

Surgery for Piles During Pregnancy

The decision to undergo surgery during pregnancy is made by the doctor after taking into account the potential benefits and risks of the procedure to the woman and her child. The different types of surgery that can be performed to treat piles include:

Hemorrhoidectomy : This is a surgical procedure in which the hemorrhoidal tissues are removed using a scalpel. It is an invasive procedure with considerable risks and post-op complications.
Stapled Hemorrhoidopexy : This is a minimally invasive procedure in which the piles are stapled to their original position inside the rectum to reduce the blood supply and shrink the swollen veins.
Laser Treatment : It is a minimally invasive treatment that utilizes laser technology to target swollen and inflamed tissues. The laser cuts off the blood supply to the hemorrhoidal tissues, which reduces inflammation and swelling.

Besides this, non-surgical treatments, such as rubber band ligation or sclerotherapy, are also used to treat piles in the early stages.

Is Surgery Recommended for Pregnancy Piles?

Surgery is generally not recommended for hemorrhoids during pregnancy unless the condition is very severe and other treatments have not been effective.

The risks of piles surgery during pregnancy are very high. It can cause excessive bleeding, infection, and even premature labor. Due to this, doctors mostly suggest watchful waiting and lifestyle modifications manage the condition until childbirth. Once the woman delivers the baby, surgical treatment will be considered if the problem doesn’t go away within a month or so after delivery.

How to Prevent Piles During Pregnancy?

A woman should take the following measures to prevent piles during pregnancy-

Eat a high-fiber diet to prevent constipation and reduce the risk of developing hemorrhoids. Good sources of fiber include fruits, vegetables, whole grains, and legumes.
Drink plenty of fluids (water and juices) to keep the body and colon hydrated. It softens the stools and makes bowel movements easier.
Regular exercise can also help promote bowel regularity and prevent constipation. Exercise also improves blood circulation in the rectal area and reduces the risk of developing hemorrhoids.
Prolonged sitting or standing can put pressure on the veins in the rectal area and increase the risk of developing hemorrhoids. Take breaks to move around and stretch the legs at regular intervals.
Avoid straining during bowel movements, and don’t resist the urge to pass stools. Consider using a stool softener or a footstool to elevate the feet while sitting on the toilet.
Keep the anal region clean and dry to prevent irritation and itching. Use soft wipes to clean the area instead of soaps or cloth.

By following these tips and instructions from the doctor, women can reduce the risk of developing or progression of piles and alleviate the existing symptoms.

FAQs Related to Hemorrhoids During Pregnancy

Can piles affect the baby?

Women often feel concerned that piles during pregnancy may affect the child’s health or growth. However, there is no evidence to support this.

Which types of piles commonly occur during pregnancy- internal or external?

Either internal or external piles can occur during the third trimester of pregnancy. There is no clear evidence or study that states that a specific type of piles is common during pregnancy. Women are prone to develop either or both types of piles equally.

Do piles go away after pregnancy?

In most cases, piles resolve on its own after childbirth as the hormonal levels stabilize and the excess pressure is relieved. However, in some cases, the condition may persist, due to which the patient may need treatment.

Are women more prone to piles than men?

The problem of piles is common in both women and men, irrespective of gender. Most of the people suffer from piles by the age of 50.

After delivery Care for Piles?

In the majority of the cases, as your body is recovering from delivery, piles also shrink and disappear. Take a shower after you deliver and wipe that area clean and gently pat it dry. After delivery, constipation can make your piles worse or even cause them.

So, it is important that you include enough fiber in your diet to make prevent constipation. It is also important that you stay active. Inform your midwife about any problems you might be facing, and you might get help with laxatives.

With many treatments available for piles, you might tend to try out the one most easily accessible to you. However, consulting your GP before you resort to any treatment is always a better option

Medically Reviewed By

Dr. Vipin Nagpal

MBBS, MS-General Surgery

31 Years Experience Overall

Last Updated : August 18, 2026

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